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====== User-specific boot menus ====== This page outlines the steps I took to implement a proof of concept comprising user authentication at preboot time and dynamically generated boot menus. The user is first presented with a login screen. The user's credentials are passed via an SSL-encrypted link to a server, which authenticates the user and then provides a boot menu containing a list of authorised boot selections. The list of boot selections can vary according to the user. {{ :screenshots:gpxe_ssl_menu.png?320x240|Sample menu screen}} ===== Setup (boring part) ===== Find a suitable Apache web server, complete with valid SSL certificate. Create a directory called "boot" on this web server. For the purpose of this documentation, I will assume that the full URI for this directory is //%%http://my.web.server/boot%%//. In the "boot" directory, create a file ".htaccess" containing SSLRequireSSL and a file "menu.gpxe" containing #!gpxe imgfree login kernel -n menu https://${username:uristring}:${password:uristring}@my.web.server/boot/vesamenu.c32 menu.php boot menu Configure your DHCP server to hand out //menu.gpxe// as the boot file, using something like (for ISC dhcpd)((If you are using PXE-chaining, you may want to investigate the various methods for avoiding infinite loops described in the [[:pxechaining|PXE chainloading]] HowTo.)): filename "https://my.web.server/boot/menu.gpxe"; Download the latest //syslinux// tarball from [[http://www.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/boot/syslinux/]] and build it. Copy the files //com32/menu/vesamenu.c32// and //com32/modules/cmd.c32//((At the time of writing, //cmd.c32// is not yet integrated into a //syslinux// release; you will need to apply the patch from [[http://rom.etherboot.org/share/mcb30/syslinux-cmd.patch]] before building //syslinux//, or just grab the prebuilt //cmd.c32// binary from [[http://rom.etherboot.org/share/mcb30/cmd.c32]].)) into the "boot" directory on the web server. ===== Setup (interesting part) ===== In the "boot" directory, you can now create a file called "menu.php". This PHP script needs to generate a standard syslinux menu configuration file; the resulting menu will be displayed to the user. The PHP script will have access to the plaintext of the username and password (in the variables ''%%$_SERVER["PHP_AUTH_USER"]%%'' and ''%%$_SERVER["PHP_AUTH_PW"]%%''). Although the script has access to the plaintext, the traffic over the wire was encrypted with SSL and so is (nominally) not vulnerable to eavesdropping. You can implement any kind of policy that you like with the script. Here is a trivial proof-of-concept example: <?php header ( 'Content-type: text/plain' ); $username = $_SERVER["PHP_AUTH_USER"]; $password = $_SERVER["PHP_AUTH_PW"]; $index = 0; function title ( $title ) { global $username; echo "menu title ".$title; echo ( $username ? " for ".$username : "" )."\n"; } function label ( $label ) { global $index; $index++; echo "label item".$index."\n"; echo " menu label "; echo "^".( ( $index < 10 ) ? $index : sprintf ( "%c", $index + ord ( 'A' ) - 10 ) )." "; echo $label."\n"; } function sanboot ( $label, $root_path ) { label ( $label ); echo " kernel cmd.c32\n"; echo " append sanboot ".$root_path."\n"; echo "\n"; } function uriboot ( $label, $uri, $args ) { label ( $label ); echo " kernel ".$uri."\n"; if ( $args ) echo " append ".$args."\n"; } function retry () { echo "label failed\n"; echo " menu label Authentication Failed\n"; echo " menu disable\n"; uriboot ( "Try again", "menu.gpxe", "" ); } function authenticated () { global $username; global $password; switch ( "$username:$password" ) { case "mcb30:password": case "guest:guest": return 1; default: return 0; } } ?> menu background atlantis.png prompt 0 timeout 100 allowoptions 0 menu timeoutrow 29 menu vshift 2 menu rows 8 menu color title 1;36;44 #ff8bc2ff #00000000 std menu color unsel 37;44 #ff1069c5 #00000000 std menu color sel 7;37;40 #ff000000 #ffff7518 all menu color hotkey 1;37;44 #ffffffff #00000000 std menu color hotsel 1;7;37;40 #ff000431 #ffff7518 all <? title ( "Secure Network Boot" ); if ( ! authenticated() ) { retry(); } else { if ( $username == "mcb30" ) { sanboot ( "MS-DOS 6.22", "iscsi:chipmunk.tuntap::::iqn.2007-07.chipmunk:msdos622" ); sanboot ( "Windows 2k3", "iscsi:chipmunk.tuntap::::iqn.2007-07.chipmunk:win2k3" ); } uriboot ( "Linux rescue shell", "http://chipmunk.tuntap/images/uniboot/uniboot.php", "" ); } ?> This sample script authenticates the user against a hardcoded password list and then generates a boot menu. User //mcb30// will receive the option of booting //MS-DOS//, //Windows 2003// or //Linux//, user //guest// will receive only the option of booting //Linux//. If authentication fails, the user is redirected back to the login screen. ===== Screenshots ===== When first booting, the user sees this login screen: {{ :screenshots:gpxe_login.png?720x400 |Login screen}} After authenticating correctly as //mcb30//, the user sees this menu screen: {{ :screenshots:gpxe_ssl_menu.png?640x480 |Menu screen}} This was generated by //menu.php// as: menu background atlantis.png prompt 0 timeout 100 allowoptions 0 menu timeoutrow 29 menu vshift 2 menu rows 8 menu color title 1;36;44 #ff8bc2ff #00000000 std menu color unsel 37;44 #ff1069c5 #00000000 std menu color sel 7;37;40 #ff000000 #ffff7518 all menu color hotkey 1;37;44 #ffffffff #00000000 std menu color hotsel 1;7;37;40 #ff000431 #ffff7518 all menu title Secure Network Boot for mcb30 label item1 menu label ^1 MS-DOS 6.22 kernel cmd.c32 append sanboot iscsi:chipmunk.tuntap::::iqn.2007-07.chipmunk:msdos622 label item2 menu label ^2 Windows 2k3 kernel cmd.c32 append sanboot iscsi:chipmunk.tuntap::::iqn.2007-07.chipmunk:win2k3 label item3 menu label ^3 Linux rescue shell kernel http://chipmunk.tuntap/images/uniboot/uniboot.php ===== Further reading ===== The syntax of the generated menu files is documented within the //syslinux// project at [[http://syslinux.zytor.com/wiki/index.php/Comboot/menu.c32]] and [[http://syslinux.zytor.com/wiki/index.php/SYSLINUX]].
