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--- soc:2010:peper:journal:week11 [2010/08/06 15:46]
peper created
+++ soc:2010:peper:journal:week11 [2010/08/08 07:04] (current)
peper
@@ Line 3: / Line 3: @@
 ==== drivers in userspace ====
-=== addressing spaces ===
+=== Addressing spaces ===
 First a bit of background. There are four different kind of addresses in gPXE:
@@ Line 27: / Line 29: @@
 This was tried and backed off because malloc() aligns allocations by their phys address. That could be worked around but doesn't really seem worth it.
-=== some more improvements/cleanup ===
+=== Unused functions ===
+I was a bit overoptimistic about linker stripping unused functions.
+It turns out that functions are linked with object granularity so adding ''strtoull()'' to ''core/misc.c'' which is used only on linux was in fact growing other builds as well.
+Moved it to a separate object ''core/strtoull.c'' to eliminate that problem.
+That makes me wonder whether we have any dead functions that can be nuked to reduce size. Also on a similar note [[http://gcc.gnu.org/gcc-4.5/changes.html|gcc 4.5.0]] introduced whole program optimizations, which might be worth looking into.
+Although I'm waiting for ''4.5.1'' as it also introduced some nasty regressions that are quite noticable on a source-based distro like [[http://www.exherbo.org|exherbo]] that I'm using.
+=== Nicer UIO-DMA support ===
+Up till recently the UIO-DMA initialization was a bit hacky. UIO-DMA requires a kernel module to register the device it is supposed to be handling DMA mappings for (and rightly so as the kernel DMA API needs the device).
+As part of the registration it returns a unique ''device_id'' that is supposed to be passed by the userspace code to the UIO-DMA module later to tell different devices apart.
+To handle the device registration I have introduced a very simple ''uio-dma-pci'' module,
+ but I didn't have a good idea how to pass the ''device_id'' returned by UIO-DMA to userspace (e.g. creating an extra char device with an ioctl just for that seemed ilke an overkill).
+Not wanting to spend too much time on this then I just hacked UIO-DMA to recognize a special ''id'' value meaning the ''id'' of the last device registered with it.
+This worked just fine, but this kind of hacks just don't let me sleep comfortably at night ;)
+Since that time I have had the chance to inspect some of the code behind the ''/sys/'' PCI interface (see [[http://www.mjmwired.net/kernel/Documentation/filesystems/sysfs-pci.txt|sysfs-pci.txt]])
+and it looked quite simple as far as creating new sysfs attributes goes and the obvious solution occurred to me. Just add a sysfs device attribute with the ''UIO-DMA'' ''device_id''. And so I did:
+<code c>
+ssize_t uio_dma_id_show(struct device *dev, struct device_attribute *attr, char *buf)
+{
+	struct dev_data *dd = dev_get_drvdata(dev);
+	return snprintf(buf, PAGE_SIZE, "0x%08x\n", dd->uio_dma_id);
+}
+/** Device attribute with the UIO-DMA device id */
+static DEVICE_ATTR(uio_dma_id, S_IRUGO, uio_dma_id_show, NULL);
+static int __devinit probe(struct pci_dev *pdev, const struct pci_device_id *id)
+{
+    ...
+    device_create_file(&pdev->dev, &dev_attr_uio_dma_id);
+    ...
+}
+</code>
+And done. It also has the the nice side-effect of ensuring the device we are using is handled by our simple driver and not anything else.
+<code>
+$ ls -al /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:09:00.0/
+total 0
+drwxr-xr-x 3 root root        0 2010-08-08 15:13 .
+drwxr-xr-x 5 root root        0 2010-08-08 15:13 ..
+-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 broken_parity_status
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 15:47 class
+-rw-r--r-- 1 root root      256 2010-08-08 15:47 config
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 consistent_dma_mask_bits
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 15:47 device
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 dma_mask_bits
+lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        0 2010-08-08 15:47 driver -> ../../../../../bus/pci/drivers/uio-dma-pci
+-rw------- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 enable
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 15:47 irq
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 local_cpulist
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 local_cpus
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 modalias
+-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 msi_bus
+drwxr-xr-x 2 root root        0 2010-08-08 16:00 power
+--w--w---- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 remove
+--w--w---- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 rescan
+--w------- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 reset
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 15:47 resource
+-rw------- 1 root root 33554432 2010-08-08 16:00 resource0
+-r-------- 1 root root    65536 2010-08-08 16:00 rom
+lrwxrwxrwx 1 root root        0 2010-08-08 16:00 subsystem -> ../../../../../bus/pci
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 subsystem_device
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 subsystem_vendor
+-rw-r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 16:00 uevent
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 15:13 uio_dma_id
+-r--r--r-- 1 root root     4096 2010-08-08 15:47 vendor
+-rw------- 1 root root      128 2010-08-08 15:47 vpd
+$ cat /sys/bus/pci/devices/0000:09:00.0/uio_dma_id
+x00000002
+</code>
+=== Extra checks and cleanup ===
+Along with the changes described above went in some extra checks for common problems like whether we have root access, the device exists at /sys/ at all etc.
+Also the ''lpci'' driver now can only support one device at the same time. That comes from the fact that gPXE's ''malloc_dma()'' API is device agnostic and on linux it isn't
+(as mentioned earlier linux DMA API requires a device to be passed).
 ==== bnx2 ====
+I have received [[http://cgi.ebay.com/394791-B21-HP-NC373T-PCIE-MFN-GIGABIT-/380143795317?cmd=ViewItem&pt=COMP_EN_Networking_Components&hash=item588255fc752010-08-01|this nic]]
+ late on Friday and started working on a driver for it. lspci output below:
+<code>
+:00.0 Ethernet controller [0200]: Broadcom Corporation NetXtreme II BCM5708 Gigabit Ethernet [14e4:164c] (rev 12)
+        Subsystem: Hewlett-Packard Company NC373T PCI Express Multifunction Gigabit Server Adapter [103c:7037]
+        Flags: 66MHz, medium devsel, IRQ 16
+        Memory at fa000000 (64-bit, non-prefetchable) [size=32M]
+        Expansion ROM at f9ff0000 [disabled] [size=64K]
+        Capabilities: [40] PCI-X non-bridge device
+        Capabilities: [48] Power Management version 2
+        Capabilities: [50] Vital Product Data
+        Capabilities: [58] MSI: Enable- Count=1/1 Maskable- 64bit+
+        Kernel driver in use: uio-dma-pci
+</code>
+On the good side it has a [[http://www.broadcom.com/collateral/pg/NetXtremeII-PG203-R.pdf|datasheet]] and a driver in linux kernel.
+On the bad side the linux driver is quite big:
+<code>
+linux-2.6/drivers/net/bnx2.c
+linux-2.6/drivers/net/bnx2.h
+total
+</code>
+and it requires ''firmware'' to work at all.
+All in all I'm still a bit overwhelmed, but trying to get ''probe()'' to do something useful ;)
+As there is no driver needing firmware in gPXE yet there is no support for it in mainline,
+ but Josh foresaw that problem last year when working on wireless drivers and worked on a [[http://git.etherboot.org/?p=people/oremanj/gpxe.git;a=shortlog;h=refs/heads/firmware|firmware branch]].
+I have rebased it on current master and will get to use it soon hopefully ;)

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