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--- sanboot:debian_and_ubuntu [2007/10/24 14:31]
curs0r moving chroot info to another sub-heading for the sake of clarity
+++ sanboot:debian_and_ubuntu [2007/12/12 06:11] (current)
bengen typo
@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 ======  Debian or Ubuntu  ======
 ===== Preparing an existing installation for AoE =====
@@ Line 56: / Line 52: @@
 via AoE]].
-==== Hint ====
-   * If the system hangs before the root device has been mounted, passing ''break=mount'' on the command line will spawn a shell before ''scripts/local-top/aoetools'' is run. This should allow for further debugging.
+===== Preparing a chroot installation for AoE =====
+Generating a bootable system image under chroot is very quick and easy. The following instructions will help you prepare a base image for Ubuntu 7.10 Gutsy Gibbon. After your base image is prepared you will be able to reuse that image for full Ubuntu setups (regular, Xubuntu, Kubuntu). Optionally you can proceed from that base with your own custom configuration while still enjoying the stability and support of Ubuntu.
+What you need for this guide:
+A running Ubuntu system. For the sake of commonality we will use an x86 version in this guide.
+The Ubuntu tools; schroot, debootstrap, and aoetools.
+<code>
+# sudo apt-get install schroot debootstrap aoetools
+</code>
+Since we are not imaging an existing system we will need an empty image file to which we can install. On the server that you use to host your AoE targets (your vblade server) we need to create a blank file. The system can be set up on a 4gb file for testing purposes, but for a functional, flexible system you will want 10gb or more.
+<code>
+# dd if=/dev/zero of=image.img bs=1 count=1 seek=10G
+</code>
+All that remains to be done on the server (assuming that you have already configured your dhcp server to boot your AoE clients, refer to other HowTos on this wiki) is to make the image available.
+<code>
+# sudo vbladed X X ethX image.img #Where X is equal to your desired parameters.
+</code>
+Now we are ready to access the image as a block device via AoE. Using the Ubuntu system prepared with schroot, debootstrap, and aoetools we need to partition and format the disk image. We will start by preparing the special device files for AoE target mounting.
+<code>
+# sudo aoe-mkdevs /dev/etherd
+</code>
+Now that the special device files exist we can discover AoE devices on the network.
+<code>
+# sudo aoe-discover
+</code>
+We can verify the presence of our target by using the command aoe-stat.
+<code>
+# aoe-stat
+</code>
+If all went well the output should look something like this:
+''      eX.X        10GB   ethY up'' #Where X is equal to the values you specified with vblade, and Y is equal to the specs of your system.
+Now we can partition the disk image.
+<code>
+# sudo fdisk /dev/etherd/eX.X #Where X is equal to the values you specified with vblade.
+</code>
+Fdisk is a fairly straightforward application for partitioning block devices in a terminal. However, you may create your partitions using gparted or any partition utility you wish. While running an AoE system you may not want to create a swap file, as using swap will increase the amount of load your system places on the network during usage, and can slow things down dramatically. For the purposes of this guide we will assume you have just used the whole disk for one partition. Now we will need a filesystem for our image. We will use the Ext3 filesystem here.
+<code>
+# sudo mke2fs -j /dev/etherd/eX.Xp1
+</code>
+Now we have a block device image that is ready for action.
+In order to begin the bootstrap process the disk image must be mounted. Begin by creating a mount point for our target.
+<code>
+# sudo mkdir /mnt/chroot
+</code>
+The image file can now be mounted under the empty directory (mount point).
+<code>
+# sudo mount /dev/etherd/eX.Xp1 /mnt/chroot
+</code>
+To install the base system to your image we invoke debootstrap. This handy utility will prepare our image for Debian or Ubuntu. For this guide we will be using Ubuntu Gutsy Gibbon.
+<code>
+# sudo debootstrap --components=main,restricted,universe,multiverse gutsy /mnt/chroot
+</code>
+The base system should be installed under /mnt/chroot so we can now switch to it.
+<code>
+# sudo chroot /mnt/chroot
+</code>
+We will make sure that the setup is optimal by verifying that we have the latest versions at this point, and making certain that we have some crucial tools. Also we will need a linux kernel, a boot loader, and the aoetools. It is also a good idea to set our locale and time zone information at this point.
+<code>
+# locale-gen en_US.UTF-8 #Or your specific locale if you aren't in the US
+# tzselect
+# apt-get update
+# apt-get install debconf devscripts nano wget gnupg
+# apt-get update #In case gnupg has the sniffles
+# apt-get upgrade #It is always better to be certain that you have the latest versions than guess
+# apt-get install linux-generic grub aoetools
+</code>
+To make our image bootable, Grub must be setup within the MBR. In order for this to work, we must first create the AoE special devices in our chroot. Then we must discover AoE targets so that we may mount our image under the chroot using the mount point /aoeroot.
+<code>
+# aoe-mkdevs /dev/etherd
+# aoe-discover
+# mkdir /aoeroot
+# mount /dev/etherd/eX.Xp1 /aoeroot #Where X is equal to the values you specified with vblade.
+</code>
+Grub will require a bit of preparation as well. First we will need to create the grub directory under /boot, then we will populate that directory with some grub essentials.
+<code>
+# mkdir /boot/grub
+# cp -r /usr/lib/grub/i386/. /boot/grub
+</code>
+Grub will require a file called devices.map to be present under /boot/grub. Using the nano text editor we can create this simple file quickly.
+<code>
+# nano /boot/grub/devices.map
+</code>
+Add the line: '' (hd0) /dev/etherd/eX.X '' (Where X is equal to the values you specified with vblade.)
+Save the file (in nano ctrl+o) and exit (in nano ctrl+x).
+Now Grub is ready to install to the MBR
+<code>
+# grub-install /dev/etherd/eX.X #Where X is equal to the values you specified with vblade.
+</code>
+Note that this setup still requires the scripts provided on this page, the creation of /etc/fstab, and the creation of /boot/grub/menu.lst. Some users may have difficulty using Gnome unless they add '' iface lo inet loopback'' and ''auto lo'' to /etc/network/interfaces. Always make certain to run ''update-initramfs -c -k all -v'' after any changes to keep your system booting happily. When you are finished creating/customizing /etc/fstab, /boot/grub/menu.lst and /etc/network/interfaces you will have a basic bootable image suitable for reuse. Setting up a new client is as simple as: copy the image, use vblade to make the new image available, mount the image, edit the specifics (ie: /boot/grub/menu.lst, /etc/hosts, etc) then boot from your new client. Once you have booted this basic image, making it a full system is as simple as apt-get install ubuntu-desktop, ubuntu-server, xubuntu-desktop, kubuntu-desktop, or whichever you choose.
+==== Troubleshooting ====
+It is possible to get a shell in Debian's and Ubuntu's initial
+ramdisks at various stages by passing ''debug=<WHEN>'' to the kernel.
+For debugging issues related to a boot device not being found,
+''debug=mount'' is probably most useful.
+See ''initramfs-tools(8)'' for further details.
+Things to look out for include:
+   * Has the driver for the NIC been loaded?
+   * Is the interface "up"?
+   * Has the ''aoe'' kernel module ben loaded?
+   * Does ''/dev/aoe/'' exist, does it contain the necessary entries?
@@ Line 110: / Line 212: @@
 case $ROOT in
 /dev/etherd/e*)
-	# INTERFACES=`awk -F: '/eth[0-9]*:/ { print $1 }' < /proc/net/dev`
 	INTERFACES=`sed -ne '/eth.*:/{s/:.*$//;p;}' < /proc/net/dev`
 	for i in $INTERFACES; do
@@ Line 116: / Line 217: @@
 		ifconfig $i up
 	done
-	sleep 5
+	# Make sure udev has processed all events from adding the NIC
+	# modules before loading aoe
+	[ -x /sbin/udevsettle ] && /sbin/udevsettle --timeout=30
 	modprobe aoe
+	# Wait until aoe device files have been generated.
+	[ -x /sbin/udevsettle ] && /sbin/udevsettle --timeout=30
 	aoe-discover
 	;;
 esac
 </code>
-===== Preparing an existing installation for iSCSI =====
-TBD

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