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commandline [2008/07/07 18:10]
hawke
commandline [2010/02/16 08:24] (current)
pscheie
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 =====Etherboot command-line===== =====Etherboot command-line=====
 ====Network Interfaces==== ====Network Interfaces====
-Etherboot names interfaces following the pattern "​net#"​.+Etherboot names interfaces following the pattern "​net#"​.  The special network interface alias "​netX"​ refers to the last opened network interface.
  
 **ifstat [interfaces...]** Displays information and statistics about the specified interface. ​ If no interface is specified, displays information about all detected interfaces. ​ Information includes MAC address, PCI bus/​slot/​function identiers, and packet counts. **ifstat [interfaces...]** Displays information and statistics about the specified interface. ​ If no interface is specified, displays information about all detected interfaces. ​ Information includes MAC address, PCI bus/​slot/​function identiers, and packet counts.
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 ====Working with images==== ====Working with images====
-**imgfetch [-n|--name <image name>] <​filename>​ [arguments...]** Retrieves an image file, giving it a specified name, and prepares it to be executed with the specified arguments. ​ File name may be a simple path, or an HTTP URL.  Simple paths are assumed to be located on the TFTP server specified by dhcp or **config**.  If //image name// is not specified, the base filename will be used as the name.+**imgfetch [-n|--name <image name>] <​filename>​ [arguments...]** Retrieves an image file, giving it a specified name, and prepares it to be executed with the specified arguments. ​ File name may be a simple path, or an HTTP URL.  Simple paths are assumed to be located on the TFTP server specified by dhcp or the **filename** configuration setting.  If //image name// is not specified, the base filename will be used as the name.
  
 **module [-n|--name <image name>] <​filename>​ [arguments...]** Equivalent to **imgfetch** **module [-n|--name <image name>] <​filename>​ [arguments...]** Equivalent to **imgfetch**
  
-**initrd [-n|--name <image name>] <​filename>​ [arguments]** Equivalent to **imgfetch**+**initrd [-n|--name <image name>] <​filename>​ [arguments...]** Equivalent to **imgfetch**
  
 **imgargs <image name>​** ​ Set or change the arguments for the specified image name. **imgargs <image name>​** ​ Set or change the arguments for the specified image name.
  
-**imgload <image name>** Prepares an executable image to be executed.+**imgload <image name>** Prepares an executable image to be booted ​Executable image formats: 
 +  * gPXE script 
 +  * NBI image 
 +  * PXE image 
 +  * MultiBoot image 
 +  * a.out image 
 +  * ELF image 
 +  * WinCE image 
 +  * FreeBSD kernel 
 +  * Linux bzImage kernel
  
-**imgfree** Remove all fetched/loaded ​images.+**imgexec [image name]** Execute the loaded ​image, or a specified image. ​ If more than one image is loaded, the image must be specified. **Note**, if the specified image is not the most recently loaded one, Bad Things will almost certainly happen. ​ This should only be done in special cases.
  
-**kernel [-n|--name <image name>] <​filename>​ [arguments]** Fetch and load a bzImage format Linux kernel. ​ Equivalent to an imgfetch followed by imgload.+**boot [image name]** Equivalent to **imgexec** 
 + 
 +**chain [image name/URI]** This will fetch, load, then execute either an embedded image or one specified by the URI.  Equivalent to **imgfetch**,​ then **imgload**,​ and then **imgexec**. 
 + 
 +**imgfree [image name]** Free one or all executable/​loadable images. 
 + 
 +**imgstat** ​ List images currently held in memory. 
 + 
 +**kernel [-n|--name <image name>] <​filename>​ [arguments]** Fetch and load a bzImage format Linux kernel. ​ Equivalent to an **imgfetch** followed by **imgload**.
  
 ====Runtime configuration==== ====Runtime configuration====
-**config [scope]** ​ Enter a GUI to set up runtime configuration. ​ On some systems (cards) this may be stored in NVRAM. ​ //Scope// allows ​setting up options ​within a specific context.  ​Known scopes: [interface name]. ​ If unspecified,​ the system default scope will be used.+**config [scope]** ​ Enter a GUI to set up runtime configuration. ​ On some systems (cards) this may be stored in NVRAM. ​ //Scope// allows ​the GUI to override or view specific subsets of options.  ​(see below)
  
-**set <​identifier>​ <​value>​** Set the value of //​identifier//​ to //value//+**set <​identifier>​ <​value>​** Set the value of //​identifier//​ to //value//.  ​
  
 **show <​identifier>​** Display the value of //​identifier//​ **show <​identifier>​** Display the value of //​identifier//​
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 **clear <​identifier>​** ​ Clear the value of //​identifier//​ **clear <​identifier>​** ​ Clear the value of //​identifier//​
 ===Identifiers=== ===Identifiers===
-Where there is correspondence between ​the gPXE option ​and a DHCP optionoptions specified by the DHCP server ​will be pre-filled.+Identifiers could be considered "​variables"​ in the gPXE shell (CLI and scripts). ​ You can type: 
 +  ${identifier} 
 +as part of commandand it will be substituted for the fetched setting corresponding to that identifier. ​ For example: 
 +  chain http://​${next-server}/​boot.php?​mac=${net0/​mac} 
 +is a command which would have the //​next-server//​ setting substituted into the URI, as well as pass the //net0// interface'​s MAC address as a parameter to a PHP script on the web-server.
  
-**uuid** The system's UUID+All identifiers are set within a scope. 
 +  ​* **root** (scope unspecified) 
 +  * **proxydhcp** Settings from a Proxy DHCP server (Needs more description) 
 +  * **[interface]** e.g. //​net0//​. ​ Settings for a network device. 
 +  * **[interface].dhcp**. ​ Settings from the DHCP server acquired by //​interface//​. ​ Read/write, but note that you cannot specify new options that were not already provided. 
 +  * **[interface].nvo**. ​ Read/write settings in NVRAM on certain supported cards. ​ **//​WARNING//​** this permanently modifies settings on your network card.  It is possible to **damage** your network card by changing settings in this context. ​ Use at your own risk. 
 +  * **smbios**. ​ Read-only access to settings in the System Management BIOS (see below) 
 +Identifiers follow the format [scope/​]identifier[:​type]. ​ For example, to set the IP address of the 'net0' ​card use //set net0/ip XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX//​
  
 +Options not specified in a higher scope will be read from a lower one.  So if the option //ip// is unspecified,​ it will be read from //​net0/​ip//;​ if the option //net0/ip// is unspecified,​ it will be read from //​net0.dhcp//​.
 +
 +==Root==
 **hostname** The system'​s hostname. ​ Sent to the DHCP server for dynamic DNS changes, or specified by the DHCP server. ​ Equivalent to DHCP option 12 (host name) **hostname** The system'​s hostname. ​ Sent to the DHCP server for dynamic DNS changes, or specified by the DHCP server. ​ Equivalent to DHCP option 12 (host name)
  
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 **root-path** NFS/iSCSI root path.  The path to a network root filesystem. ​ Equivalent to DHCP option 17 (Root Path) **root-path** NFS/iSCSI root path.  The path to a network root filesystem. ​ Equivalent to DHCP option 17 (Root Path)
 +  iSCSI root path syntax: iscsi:<​servername>:​[protocol]:​[port]:​[LUN]:<​targetname>​
  
-**username**+**username** ​Username to be used for any authentication. ​ Currently only used by iSCSI.
  
-**password**+**password** ​Password to be used for any authentication. ​ Currently only used by iSCSI. ​ Intended to be stored in card NVRAM, but see warning above.
  
 **priority** **priority**
 +==Network device==
 +**ip** The device'​s IPv4 address
  
-**ip** The system's IPv4 address+**netmask** The device's IPv4 subnet mask
  
-**netmask** The system'​s ​IPv4 subnet mask+**gateway** The device'​s ​default gateway
  
-**gateway** The system'​s default gateway +**mac** The device's MAC address
- +
-**mac** The system's MAC address+
  
 **dhcp-server** The dhcp server from which settings were obtained **dhcp-server** The dhcp server from which settings were obtained
  
-**dns-server** The DNS server to use for resolving hostnames+**dns** The DNS server to use for resolving hostnames
  
 **next-server** The (TFTP) server from which to obtain files when not specifying an HTTP URL **next-server** The (TFTP) server from which to obtain files when not specifying an HTTP URL
  
-**initiator_iqn_setting** The iSCSI initiator name+**initiator-iqn** The iSCSI initiator name 
 + 
 +**<​dhcp_opt_num>:<​format>​** Set a DHCP option by its number (ie. //​209:​string//​ for PXELINUX config file override) 
 + 
 +**busid** This yields a five-byte hexadecimal code representing the adapter'​s bus type, followed by the two-byte vendor ID, followed by the two-byte device ID.  This could be handy for fetching an initrd or other RAM disk image containing the OS driver for the particular network adapter. ​ For example: 
 +  gPXE> initrd http://​webserver/​initrd-${net0/​busid} 
 +==SMBIOS== 
 +Read-only access to the system'​s Systems Management BIOS.  Identifiers follow the format <​type>​.<​offset>​.<​length>:<​format>​. ​ Example: To read the Manufacturer name, //get smbios/​1.4.0:​string//​ will read SMBIOS offset 4 as a string. ​ Valid formats: string, uristring (for URI-friendly string format), ipv4, int8, int16, int32, uint8, uint16, uint32, hex, uuid 
 + 
 +**uuid** The system'​s UUID
  
 ====Other==== ====Other====
-**autoboot** Attempts to boot the system+**autoboot** Attempts to boot the system, on each network interface in turn, as follows: 
 +  * Wait for a link on ethernet 
 +  * Configure via DHCP 
 +  * Download (and exec) the DHCP-specified boot filename 
 +  * Boot from the DHCP-specified root path, using iSCSI or ATA-over-Ethernet (AoE)
  
-**exit** Exits gPXE, and passes boot control back to the BIOS.+**exit** Exits gPXE, and passes boot control back to the BIOS, which generally attempts to boot the system using the next available boot method. 
 + 
 +**sanboot** Attempts to boot the system from a SAN device (iSCSI or AoE) using the DHCP-specified root path.
  
-**sanboot** Attempts to boot the system from a SAN device. 
  
 ====Outstanding questions==== ====Outstanding questions====
   * What does autoboot do?  Does it simply execute a script, pre-defined at compile time?  Does it follow its own sequence of boot operations?   * What does autoboot do?  Does it simply execute a script, pre-defined at compile time?  Does it follow its own sequence of boot operations?
 +
 +> Autoboot is a hardcoded boot policy (at least in gPXE 0.9.7), with behavior as described above. ​ Eventually it would be nice to implement it as the default embedded gPXE script so it can be easily customized by users. ​ Today, if you don't like autoboot'​s behavior, you can try embedding a gPXE script (which will take precedence over autoboot). ​ You would have to modify the gPXE source code if scripts were not powerful enough for the behavior you want.
 +
 +-- [[stefanha@gmail.com|Stefan Hajnoczi]] 2009/03/24
 +
   * When multiple images of the same name are fetched, which one will takes precedence?   * When multiple images of the same name are fetched, which one will takes precedence?
-  * What does the  **initrd** command do that's special? ​ It obviously sets the image type to initrd, but what's the effect of that?  Is there a way to specify the type of a loaded image after the fact? 

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